Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy, unlike sigmoidoscopy (half-colonoscopy), allows the entire large intestine inner lining to be examined. The common indications are very similar to those of sigmoidoscopy besides its additional capability of interrogating the entire large intestine and possibly, the very distal portion of the small intestine. It is, therefore, a more complete examination of the colon which allows the doctor to diagnose and treat proximal colonic diseases.

Colonoscopy is currently the gold standard for diagnosing colon and rectal cancers. It is the ideal procedure for removing colonic polyps, which appear as fleshy, “mushroom-like” growth on the inner lining of the colon that have the potential to turn into cancer if left untreated. Colonoscopy is also the most appropriate choice for cancer screening and cancer prevention. It is extremely useful in arresting bleeding which originates from the large intestine.

During the procedure, a thin, flexible and steerable tube with an embedded video camera and light source is introduced through the anus into the large intestine. This colonoscope is then slowly advanced under direct visualisation towards the caecum which marks the end point of the procedure. The inner lining of the entire large intestine will be cleaned and inspected. Tissue sample and colonic polyps can be removed, if found, for further evaluation and histological analysis. Intravenous sedation will be provided to help you relax and minimise any discomfort during the procedure.

Some conditions found at Colonoscopy...

Haemorrhoids (Internal & External)

Haemorrhoids or piles are abnormally dilated veins located at the anal region commonly presenting with fresh bleeding, irritation and pain. These venous complexes may also protrude or prolapse outside the body after defaecation or on its own, causing much discomfort and embarrassment. This is, in fact, a common presentation for patient with external haemorrhoids or prolapsed piles. Large haemorrhoids may bleed periodically and excessively and pose a risk to any individual. Besides the conventional treatment with medicine or surgery, internal haemorrhoids may be ligated with small rubber bands to strangulate the redundant tissue “masses” and arrest bleeding. This treatment may be repeated until all the haemorrhoids have been eliminated.

Colon Polyps

Colon polyps are abnormal soft tissue growth from the inner lining of the colon commonly found in both male and female populations. Some polyps have the ability to transform into colon cancer if left untreated. As such, colonoscopy and polyp removal under the right circumstances and interval is known to help prevent colon cancer.

Colon Cancer

This is a nasty condition usually presenting with blood in stools or bowel habit change. Although more common among people age 50 and above, colon cancer does not respect age limits and can occur in younger people. Common risk factor for colon cancer include family history of colon cancer, personal history of colon polyps and inflammatory bowel disease. A diet consists mainly of process meat is also known to increase the risk of colon polyps and colon cancer.

The current recommended investigation for colon cancer is colonoscopy. This procedure not only detects early cancers but also able to remove the pre-cancerous condition known as adenomas (a type of colon polyps). With colonoscopy and polyp removal, we can effectively reduce the risk of colon cancer.

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